In the 1940s the annual population growth rate was 2.4%, rising to 3.0% in the 1950s and remaining at 2.9% in the 1960s, as life expectancy rose from 44 to 54 years[353] and to 72.6 years in 2007. [274][275] The country is a major exporter of soy, iron ore, pulp (cellulose), maize, beef, chicken meat, soybean meal, sugar, coffee, tobacco, cotton, orange juice, footwear, airplanes, cars, vehicle parts, gold, ethanol, semi-finished iron, among other products. The former Brazilian president has taken up residence in Florida, leading to an outcry from House Democrats. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808 when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. Brazil's railway system has been declining since 1945, when emphasis shifted to highway construction. [442], The music of Brazil was formed mainly from the fusion of European, Native Indigenous, and African elements. [50], Following the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas, the land now called Brazil was claimed for the Portuguese Empire on 22 April 1500, with the arrival of the Portuguese fleet commanded by Pedro lvares Cabral. [352] Brazil's population increased significantly between 1940 and 1970, because of a decline in the mortality rate, even though the birth rate underwent a slight decline. The Brazilian regions are merely geographical, not political or administrative divisions, and they do not have any specific form of government. WebBrazil (officially called Federative Republic of Brazil; how to say: IPA: ) is a country in South America.It is the world's fifth largest country. [480] The largest newspapers nowadays are Folha de S.Paulo, Super Notcia, O Globo and O Estado de S. [329] At the end of 2021, Brazil was the 4th largest producer of wind energy in the world (72 TWh), behind only China, USA and Germany, and the 11th largest producer of solar energy in the world (16.8 TWh). [219], The armed forces of Brazil are the largest in Latin America by active personnel and the largest in terms of military equipment. ", "Brazil's Proclamation of the Republic through the press", "Global protest grows as citizens lose faith in politics and the State", "Dilma Rousseff impeached by Brazilian senate", "Brazil supreme court judge orders probe into nine ministers paper", "President Michel Temer of Brazil Is Charged With Corruption", "Jair Bolsonaro eleito presidente do Brasil", "Covid-19 pandemic: 'Everything you should not do, Brazil has done', "Bolsonaro's 'genocidal' Covid response has led to Brazilian catastrophe, Dilma Rousseff says", "Covid: Brazil's Bolsonaro calls governors 'tyrants' over lockdowns", "Annual averages of Mandacaru Agro-meteorological station", "CPD: South America, Site SA19, Caatinga of North-eastern Brazil, Brazil", "Drought, Smallpox, and Emergence of Leishmania braziliensis in Northeastern Brazil", "STATEMENT: Brazil Sets Weak 2030 Emission Reduction Target", "Amazon World's largest tropical rain forest and river basin", "Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World: A Report for the Department of the Environment and Heritage", "Forest Pulse: The Latest on the World's Forests", "Amazon Against the Clock: A Regional Assessment on Where and How to Protect 80% by 2025", "Places We Work: The Atlantic Forest of Brazil", Forest Service International Programs: Brazil, "Preserved native vegetation occupies 61% of Brazil's area, says Embrapa", "How Europe has multiplied its forests and why this can be a problem", "Climate change is pushing Brazil's farmland out of agricultural suitability range", "Lula returns for third term as Brazil president", "Democracy Index 2021: the China challenge", "Amendments to the Brazilian Constitution", "Primeira Corte do mundo a ter canal de vdeo no YouTube o STF", "STF: Primeira corte do mundo no YouTube", "Brazil is among the 10 largest military powers in the world", "Decreto N 5.670 de 10 de Janeiro de 2006", "Defesanet Brigada de operaes especiais", "Brigada de Operaes Especiais Bda Op Esp", "1 Batalho de Infantaria de Selva (Aeromvel)", "12 Brigada de Infantaria Leve (Aeromvel)", "Grupamento de Mergulhadores de Combate GruMeC", "Porta-Helicpteros Atlntico agora Navio-Aerdromo Multipropsito", "Every. Home to 60% of the Amazon Rainforest, which accounts for approximately one-tenth of all [147][148] Like other brutal authoritarian regimes, due to an economic boom, known as an "economic miracle", the regime reached a peak in popularity in the early 1970s. [456] Machado de Assis, one of his contemporaries, wrote in virtually all genres and continues to gain international prestige from critics worldwide. In 2017, Brazil`s GDP grew 1%, inflation fell to historic lows of 2.9%, and the Central Bank lowered benchmark interest rates from 13.75% in 2016 to 7%. Single. Much of the terrain lies between 200 meters (660ft) and 800 meters (2,600ft) in elevation. Key Facts. Brazil is planting 100 million trees to restore rivers. Outline Map. It forms an enormous triangle on the eastern side of the continent with a 4,500-mile (7,400-kilometer) coastline along the Atlantic Ocean. The country has about 212 million people. Petroleum and oil products made up 34.3% of the matrix; sugar cane derivatives, 18%; hydraulic energy, 12.4%; natural gas, 12.2%; firewood and charcoal, 8.8%; varied renewable energies, 7%; mineral coal, 5.3%; nuclear, 1.4%, and other non-renewable energies, 0.6%. [176] Major rivers include the Amazon (the world's second-longest river and the largest in terms of volume of water), the Paran and its major tributary the Iguau (which includes the Iguazu Falls), the Negro, So Francisco, Xingu, Madeira and Tapajs rivers. [344] So PauloGuarulhos International Airport, near So Paulo, is the largest and busiest airport with nearly 20 million passengers annually, while handling the vast majority of commercial traffic for the country. [212] As of July2022[update], there have been 124 amendments. VIDEO: Brazil's unsung 'capital of happiness' (Credit: Kate Schoenbach) It is impossible to describe Bahian ax without first considering the region's layered and tumultuous history. The Mata Atlntica (Atlantic Forest) is Brazils other tropical forest. [249] Brazil does not just use its growing economic strength to provide financial aid, but it also provides high levels of expertise and most importantly of all, a quiet non-confrontational diplomacy to improve governance levels. In regards to poverty, about 1.9% of the total population lives at $2.15 a day,[264] while about 19% live at $6.85 a day. [14], It also encompasses a number of oceanic archipelagos, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. WebGovernment of Brazil. [235] As of 2022[update], it is the only navy in Latin America that operates an aircraft carrier, NAM Atlntico, and one of twelve navies in the world to operate or have one under construction. [405], According to the IBGE, in 2019, the literacy rate of the population was 93.4%, meaning that 11.3 million (6.6% of population) people are still illiterate in the country, with some states like Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina reaching around 97% of literacy rate;[406] functional illiteracy has reached 21.6% of the population. [233] The states' Military Police and the Military Firefighters Corps are described as an ancillary forces of the Army by the constitution, but are under the control of each state's governor. [165] President Temer himself was also accused of corruption. [333][334], Brazilian roads are the primary carriers of freight and passenger traffic. In the commercial sector, for example, they represent 53% of the GDP within the activities of the sector. [215] Legislative entities are the main source of statutes, although in certain matters judiciary and executive bodies may enact legal norms. [168] In the early 2020s, Brazil became one of the hardest hit countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, receiving the second-highest death toll worldwide after the United States. 104, of 2019), Military Police and Civil Police. Cumulatively, Brazil has the highest percentage of deforested or highly degraded rainforest of any Amazonia nation. Flag. [488] During the 19th century, dramatic theater gained importance and thickness, whose first representative was Luis Carlos Martins Pena (18131848), capable of describing contemporary reality. [169][170][171], Brazil occupies a large area along the eastern coast of South America and includes much of the continent's interior,[172] sharing land borders with Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Colombia to the northwest; and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and France (French overseas region of French Guiana) to the north. Other large trading partners include the United States, Argentina, the Netherlands and Canada. [164] The charges against her were fueled by political and economic crises along with evidence of involvement with politicians (from all the primary political parties) in several bribery and tax evasion schemes. [118][119][120], Little by little, a cycle of general instability sparked by these crises undermined the regime to such an extent that in the wake of the murder of his running mate, the defeated opposition presidential candidate Getlio Vargas, supported by most of the military, successfully led the Revolution of 1930. Human settlement in Brazil is thought to have begun at least 32,000 years ago. The legal system is based on the Federal Constitution, promulgated on 5 October 1988, and the fundamental law of Brazil. In the World", "Especial NOTCIAS Uma nova agenda militar", "People's Daily Online Bolivia bans Argentina from reselling gas to Chile", "Especial NOTCIAS Os ps de barro de um gigante", "Brazil Is Leading a Largely South American Mission to Haiti", Article 4 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil, Article 84 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil, Brazil's development cooperation with the South: a global model in waiting, "Ordem pblica prioridade da Fora Nacional de Segurana", "Brasil tem maior nmero absoluto de homicdios do mundo", "A Year of Violence Sees Brazil's Murder Rate Hit Record High", "Os estados com mais homicdios no Brasil", "Brasil passa a Rssia e tem a terceira maior populao carcerria do mundo", "Brasil tem hoje deficit de 200 mil vagas no sistema prisional", "Brasil ser maior exportador agrcola mundial em 2024", "Embraer v clientes mais dispostos compra de avies", "Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) Brazil", "Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) Brazil", "Poverty headcount ratio at $6.85 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) Brazil", "Brazil: Overview of corruption and anti-corruption", "How are agricultural co-operatives making a difference in Brazil? [291], The tertiary sector (trade and services) represented 75.8% of the country's GDP in 2018, according to the IBGE. [44], Around the time of the Portuguese arrival, the territory of current day Brazil had an estimated indigenous population of 7 million people,[45] mostly semi-nomadic, who subsisted on hunting, fishing, gathering, and migrant agriculture. [424] Uranium is enriched at the Resende Nuclear Fuel Factory, mostly for research purposes (as Brazil obtains 88% of its electricity from hydroelectricity[308]) and the country's first nuclear submarine is expected to be launched in 2029. [296] Historical records of 5.4million visitors and US$6.8 billion in receipts were reached in 2011. [446] Capoeira is usually played with its own music referred to as capoeira music, which is usually considered to be a call-and-response type of folk music. [53] Though the first settlement was founded in 1532, colonization effectively began in 1534, when King JohnIII of Portugal divided the territory into the fifteen private and autonomous Captaincy Colonies of Brazil. WebBrazil. A proportional representation of Brazil exports, 2019, Meuwese, Mark "Brothers in Arms, Partners in Trade: Dutch-Indigenous Alliances in the Atlantic World, 15951674" Koninklijke Brill NV 2012, Metcalf, Alida C. "Go-betweens And the Colonization of Brazil: 15001600" University of Texas Press 2005, pp. [454], Brazilian literature dates back to the 16th century, to the writings of the first Portuguese explorers in Brazil, such as Pro Vaz de Caminha, filled with descriptions of fauna, flora and commentary about the indigenous population that fascinated European readers. [483] Since then television has grown in the country, creating large commercial broadcast networks such as Globo, SBT, RecordTV, Bandeirantes and RedeTV. 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