BPA is an industrial chemical used to make a hard, clear plastic known as polycarbonate. Scientific Peer-Review of the Draft Assessment of Bisphenol A for Use in Food Contact Applications, 31 October 2008. Bisphenol A is an organic synthetic compound used in formulating plastics and epoxy resin. [12][13][14] BPA is a xenoestrogen, exhibiting hormone-like properties that mimic the effects of estrogen in the body. General description. It is prepared by the reaction of two equivalents of phenol with one equivalent of acetone. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups. In addition, FDA actively supported and participated in the Expert Consultation on BPA convened by World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on November 2-5, 2010, in Ottawa, Canada. [15] Although the effect is very weak,[16] the pervasiveness of BPA-containing materials raises concerns, as exposure is effectively lifelong. As an addition to this core study, FDA is providing extra animals and tissues to a consortium of grantees [8] selected and funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to address other critical questions. FDA will also continue to consult with other expert agencies in the federal government, including the National Institutes of Health (and the National Toxicology Program), the Environmental Protection Agency, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Released in 2018 by the U.S. National Toxicology Program, the data supports FDAs one word answer to the question Is BPA safe?: Yes. NIEHS sponsors and co-sponsors scientific meetings, conferences, and events throughout the year. Advantage Description. A large number of ketones undergo analogous condensation reactions. Polym Adv Technol 2009; 20: 194-208. . (the chemical formula is shown in Fig. [22][17][72], The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate,[12][13][14] with PubMed listing more than 16,000 scientific papers as of 2022. The chemical formula is (CH 3 ) 2 C(C 6 H 4 OH) 2. This results in much lower internal exposure of BPA (i.e., the active form) than what occurs from other routes of exposure such as injection. Furthermore, composite . Plastic containers have recycle codes on the bottom. Cool the mixture to room temperature; add extractant toluene/water (volume ratio 2:1) and stir it at room temperature for half an hour. Polycarbonate plastic is used to make hard plastic items, such as baby bottles, re-useable water bottles, food containers, pitchers, tableware and other storage containers. [36] It may be purified by recrystallisation from acetic acid with water. The epoxide functional group is also collectively called epoxy. In order to formulate an epoxy adhesive, one must have either bisphenol A or bisphenol F. Bisphenol A (BPA) is generally preferred for its curing properties. The manufacturing of epoxy resins and vinyl ester resins account for 25-30% of BPA use. When the low-molecular-weight bisphenol A epoxy resin is continuously reacted with bisphenol A, the obtained bisphenol A epoxy resin has a high polymerization with a relative molecular mass 1400 or more. The primary source of exposure to BPA for most people is through the diet. 133 Cecil Street, (2013) A new approach to synergize academic and guideline-compliant research: the CLARITY-BPA research program. When government scientists review studies to make a safety conclusion, they look at the weight of the evidence, meaning the information available from all sources, and how well each study was conducted. Find out about the exciting discoveries being made by NIEHS and NIEHS-supported researchers that are helping to improve health and save lives. It may also be used as an ingredient in some resins, which can act as a lining on the inside of some metal food and drink cans. Industrially, a large excess of phenol is used to ensure full condensation; the product mixture of the cumene process (acetone and phenol) may also be used as starting material. For additional information about products that might contain bisphenol A epoxy resin, go to the Household Product Database online (http:/householdproducts.nlm.nih.gov) at the . NIEHS intramural scientists have defined descriptive terms of particular relevance to their own research, and have ranked those terms accordingly. Over the following decade, coatings and resins derived from similar materials were described by workers at the companies of DeTrey Freres in Switzerland and DeVoe and Raynolds in the US. Other Details: - Bisphenol resin is extensively used with consumer products such as applying coatings inside of food and beverage cans as this leave no bad effects or any risk of hazard to human health. Epoxy resin is based on epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A. bisphenol a epoxy resin price are designed to form other substances and play a crucial role in numerous important reactions. The 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found detectable levels of BPA in 93% of 2517 urine samples from people six years and older. [2][7] BPA is produced on an industrial scale by the condensation of phenol and acetone, and has a global production scale which is expected to reach 10 million tonnes in 2022.[8]. Commercial production of BPA requires distillation either extraction of BPA from many resinous byproducts under high vacuum or solvent-based extraction using additional phenol followed by distillation. Epub 2014 Feb 4. c) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Fisher JW. BPA is one of the most thoroughly tested chemicals in use today and has a safety track record of more than 50 years. When the number-average molecular weight is less than 400, the main component is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA, relative molecular weight 340). Its chemical formula is (CH3)2C (C6H4OH)2. Use a solvent mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (volume ratio 3:1) a developing solvent to purify it by column chromatography according to the above procedure to obtain DGEBA. BPA is an important industrial chemical, which is mainly used as a raw material of polycarbonate and epoxy resin. BISPHENOL A EPOXY: is solid at room temperature, in the form of prills, white - peal, white to yellow and with a slight phenolic odour. [9][10] For epoxy resin, it is first converted to its diglycidyl ether (usually abbreviated BADGE or DGEBA). These may be incorporated at low levels in vinyl ester resins to change their physical properties[45] and see common use in dental composites and sealants.[46][47]. Recently, FDA granted two petitions requesting that FDA amend its food additive regulations to no longer provide for the use of certain BPA-based materials in baby bottles, sippy cups, and infant formula packaging because these uses have been abandoned. The method is a modification of NIOSH P&CAM The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate. BPA is also found in epoxy resins, which act as a protective lining on the inside of some metal-based food and beverage cans. Reprod Toxicol. Heightened interest in the safe use of BPA in food packaging has resulted in increased public awareness as well as scientific interest. Distribution of bisphenol A into tissues of adult, neonatal, and fetal Sprague-Dawley rats. just looking for general information about environmental health research or the institute, this page will help. The safety of a food additive is not relevant to FDAs determination regarding whether a certain use of that food additive has been abandoned. Order: 200 kg Qingdao Cemo Technology Develop Co., Ltd. Paper recycling can be a major source of release when this includes thermal paper,[9][97] leaching from PVC items may also be a significant source,[93] as can landfill leachate. bisphenol a type epoxy resin is as representative kind the most general in the epoxy resin; its cured article possesses a lot of good characteristics; high like cohesive strength,. [28] BPA was never used as a drug. Dynamic mechanical experiments have been conducted on an epoxy system made with tetraglycidyl 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) and polyglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A Novalac that were cured. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Therefore, they are effective adhesion for most substrates such as glass, ceramics, silicon wafers, and polymer materials. BPA is one of the most thoroughly tested chemicals in use today and has a safety track record of more than 50 years. At 830C). Compounds without a Phenanthrene Nucleus", "Bio-Based Aromatic Epoxy Monomers for Thermoset Materials", "European Union Summary Risk Assessment Report - Bis (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP)", "Bisphenol S and F: A Systematic Review and Comparison of the Hormonal Activity of Bisphenol A Substitutes", "Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004", "The state of bisphenol research in the lesser developed countries of the EU: a mini-review", "An extensive new literature concerning low-dose effects of bisphenol A shows the need for a new risk assessment", "Bisphenol A and baby bottles: challenges and perspectives", "Consolidated federal laws of canada, Canada Consumer Product Safety Act", "MSC unanimously agrees that Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor - All news - ECHA", "EU court confirms BPA as substance of 'very high concern', "Estrogen biology: new insights into GPER function and clinical opportunities", "Global Assessment of Bisphenol A in the Environment: Review and Analysis of Its Occurrence and Bioaccumulation", "A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife", Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione, 11-oxoandrostenedione), DHEA (androstenolone, prasterone; 5-DHEA), 7-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione (MENT dione, trestione), 11-Methyl-19-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate, Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone), Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate), Methylclostebol (chloromethyltestosterone), Andarine (acetamidoxolutamide, androxolutamide, GTx-007, S-4), Enobosarm (ostarine, MK-2866, GTx-024, S-22), 3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17-ol, 10,17-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED), 16,17-Epiestriol (16-hydroxy-17-estradiol), 17-Epiestriol (16-hydroxy-17-estradiol), Epiestriol (16-epiestriol, 16-hydroxy-17-estradiol), Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate), Furostilbestrol (diethylstilbestrol difuroate), Triphenylmethylethylene (triphenylpropene), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bisphenol_A&oldid=1134371642, Short description is different from Wikidata, Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Multiple chemicals in an infobox that need indexing, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Polycyanurates can be produced from BPA by way of its di-, Bisphenol-A formaldehyde resins are a subset of, BPA is used as an antioxidant in several fields, particularly in, Several drug candidates have also been developed from bisphenol A, including, Reprinted in condensed form in: A. Dianin (1892), This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 10:18. BPA is fairly cheap to produce, as the synthesis benefits from a high atom economy and large amounts of both starting materials are available from the cumene process. [92][101][102] Its half life in water has been estimated at between 4.5 and 15 days, degradation in the air is faster than this, while soil samples degrade more slowly. The .gov means its official. Studies are different, and all are not of the same quality. BPA is also found in epoxy resins, which act as a protective lining on the inside of some metal-based food and beverage cans. This search feature obtains best-matches with the terms you choose, and shows an overall score based on the scientific rankings. Phenol-formaldehyde resin . BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN,25068-38-6 - Buyers Guide for Chemicals is a directory of chemicals, chemical suppliers and producers. Toxicol Lett. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics. Products made from BPA meet high-performance demands. BPA has been used in food packaging since the 1960s. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic. Add bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin in the amount of 1:4 into a three-necked flask equipped with a reflux device, place it in a constant-temperature oil bath, melt it with 70 C of heat, and dropwise 28.57% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a dropping funnel, in which the ratio of the amount of sodium hydroxide and bisphenol A is 4:1. According to the ratio of raw materials, the reaction conditions and adopt the same method can be obtained with different degrees of polymerization of low molecular weight viscous liquid and high . These meetings are listed in the NIEHS Events Calendar and are open to the general public. Alternatively, and to a much lesser extent, BPA may be ethoxylated and then converted to its diacrylate and dimethacrylate derivatives (bis-EMA, or EBPADMA). Make any industrial chemical reactions run smoothly with the organic intermediate compounds available at Alibaba.com's chemical store. Some of these studies have raised questions about the safety of ingesting the low levels of BPA that can migrate into food from food contact materials. Chemical Identity. Usage: Industrial. [26] The utilization of BPA further expanded with discoveries at Bayer and General Electric on polycarbonate plastics. In addition to the FDA review process, FDAs Acting Chief Scientist asked five expert scientists from across the federal government to provide independent scientific review of these documents in the fall of 2009. As a result, many exploratory scientific studies have appeared in the public literature. 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